Early Stage funding comes full circle
This year saw an unprecedented early-stage funding boom
but as investors pull back, many
fledgling ventures are either folding up or getting acquired.
Given the discernible slowdown in financing over the past few months, it’s time
for young companies to start prizing profits over scale and growth
Back in June, Sumit Mehta (name changed) quit a cushy job at a
tech firm in Singapore, decided to return to India, and start a consumer
internet company. With personal funds, Mehta and his co-founders hired a core
team and began pitching to investors to raise $2 million in seed money. It's
been four months since, but he hasn't found any backers. This is in stark
contrast to how quickly startups were able to shore up capital at
never-seen-before valuations just a few months ago. Over the past year, ventures
some of which were not even incorporated as companies, scored $3-5 million as
investors took early bets in search of the next unicorn - those billion dollar
valued companies which are not so mythical anymore.
But it's decidedly different now. "Seed funding materializes only if the investors can see a path to series B and further. Given that our business model is untested in India, and is inventory-led, investors have been wary and our financing plan has hit a roadblock. Perhaps, it's time to go back to the job market," says Mehta.
Raising funds was never so easy
But it's decidedly different now. "Seed funding materializes only if the investors can see a path to series B and further. Given that our business model is untested in India, and is inventory-led, investors have been wary and our financing plan has hit a roadblock. Perhaps, it's time to go back to the job market," says Mehta.
Raising funds was never so easy
The number of seed and early-stage deals exploded in the first
part of this year as valuations of these fledgling companies ratcheted up
without any significant business to show. Aggressive fund-raising ability of
founders was greatly valued as they went from one round to another in no time.
According to startup data collector Tracxn, seed rounds were up almost 90%,
while Series A rounds jumped 100% this year compared to 2014.
"Traditionally, it used to take weeks and often months to raise a seed or
Series A round. However, in mid-2015, when early stage funding boomed driven by
easy availability of low cost capital, we saw some of these rounds being done
in a matter of days. Some companies got a series A term sheet from investors
even before their seed round was closed. There was never a better time to start
up. But the reality is that building a real business was and will always remain
extremely hard," says Tarun Davda, MD at Matrix Partners India, a VC fund
that has backed companies like Ola, Quikr, Practo among others.
What happened in the past year is that many VC funds took dozens of bets in the range of $1-2 million, not wanting to miss out on businesses that could potentially become unicorns. Aiding them was an upcoming cohort of entrepreneur-turned-angel investors who seeded a big chunk of early-stage companies.
Seeing a burst of activity in late-stage investments in their portfolio companies, investors became more confident of their ability to pick winners. Entrepreneurs did their part too, by shopping for deals and using funds to lock out competitors. Besides pure play VCs, New York-based investment firm Tiger Global doubled down on Series A rounds, which further heated up the market. Says Mukul Singhal at SAIF Partners, one of the most prolific seed investors in India, "We'll keep doing these early investments but the pace will slow down now. We have to be conscious that the next round of financing may be tough to come by. In the last one-and-a-half years, we did 17 seed deals - out of this 10 raised a next round of capital; four got sold off and three are work-in-progress. We are fairly satisfied with this. However, the right ratio should be judged in the three-four year time frame and across business cycles." Three of SAIF's portfolio ventures — food delivery app Spoonjoy, deals and discovery platform Niffler and healthcare venture Qikwell — were sold recently.
Series B & beyond hardest to raise
With a prodigious amount of Series A funded companies in the
market, investors now had a much larger pool of companies to pick from for
later rounds. VCs say doing a Series B round is still the hardest since this is
the first stage where the funding is done on the basis of performance and not
just promise. Says Sahil Barua, co-founder & CEO of e-commerce logistics
firm Delhivery, "The age of having 150 startups doing the same thing is
over. Which means that really poor businesses with a million dollars in funding
have hit the end of the road. Strategies will converge to the best assets in an
industry and attempt to invest in them. Many others will die."
Delhivery has been active in picking stakes in newer startups in the delivery space like Parcelled and Opinio. Other well-funded internet companies like Flipkart, Snapdeal, Practo, Paytm, Quikr, Grofers, among others have also been aggressively acquiring or taking strategic positions in smaller startups. Many of these deals are acqui-hires, done largely to pick up teams, with no cash or equity being exchanged, and only stocks given to people who come on board. Investors typically do not clock any returns on these acqui-hires.
Consolidation in overcrowded sectors
Food tech, hyperlocal and on-demand services saw a deluge of
early investments this year and this is where the first wave of consolidation
is taking place. "If many companies operate in the same space, you will
see a lot of smaller-sized funding happen as people start taking bets on the
space itself," says Albinder Dhindsa, cofounder & CEO of express
delivery firm Grofers. The food ordering and delivery market became the hottest
category for VCs in the past year. However, with growing cash burn due to high
user acquisition costs and operational bottlenecks, it's seen a major cooling
off in the past few months. Even the larger players like Zomato, Foodpanda, and
TinyOwl have found the going tough.
"Consolidation is a good thing as it puts more smart people
into the same company and they get a real shot at becoming big businesses. In
the short term though, it might seem brutal — but investors understand that
when they invest in these high risk ventures," Dhindsa says. Grofers
recently acqui-hired SpoonJoy and Townrush, a delivery startup.
While the fund crunch is palpable at early stages, even later rounds haven't been coming easy for the bigger players. E-commerce majors like Flipkart and Snapdeal raised a single round of financing this year unlike last year which saw them shore up billions in funds across multiple rounds.
Valuations of these more mature companies will further get muted
as growth fizzles out and investors become chary. "With late-stage deal
activity also slowing down, investors are not willing to back many new
companies. The key remains to stay lean and carefully use the money you raised
to acquire real customers," says Davda.
(Times of India 30-Oct-2015)